Steam heating apparatus



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

C. W. RUGG.

STEM HEATING APPARATUS.

No. 348,9`32. Patented Sept. 7. 1886.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 C. W. RUGG.

STEAM HEATING APPARATUS.

Patented Sept. 7, 1886.

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3 Sheets--Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

C. W. RUGG.

STEAM HEATING APPARATUS.

No. 348.932. Patented Sept. '7, 1.886.

Ms ag W E EHW m lwaes UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES iV. RUGG, OF CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS.

STEAM-HEATING APPARATUS.

SPECIEICATION fo'ming part of Letters Patent No. 348.932, datedSeptember '7, 1886.

Serial No. 178.663. (No model.)

To (ZZ whom, it may conccrn;

Be it known that I, CHARLES W; RUGG, of Canbridge, iu the county ofMiddlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invcnted certain new anduseful Improvements in Stean-Heating Apparatus,of which the following isa full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to that class of steanr heating apparatus inwhich separate combustion-chambers or fi re-boxes are enployed, havingconmunieation with each other, and each separately connected with thechinney or es- Cape-fine, and each of said 'conuections pro- Vided withadam per, both prcferably connected and arranged to be opened and closedfrom one operati ng nechanisn, so as to secure the closing of eitherdanper on the opening of the other, and vice versa, and all so that theproducts of conbustion from either fire-box or chaniber may be caused topass into and through, and thus made to comminglc with, the products ofconbustion in the other firebox and thence to the chinney or flue commonto both fire-boxes. Apparatuses of this class are to be found shown anddescribed in various Letters Patent of the United States heretoforeissued, among theni, notably, the following: Letters Patent to HenryNVilkins, October 3, 1S60,N0. 30,275; A. J. Bell and J. P. Friend,December 24, 1872, No; 134,?43; l). Argerbright and W.Alleuswo'th,Ja1mary 25, 1875, No. 159,141; R. L. XValker, July 25, 1876and July 11, 1882, Nos. ]80,178 and 260,8l(), to either or all of whichreference is hereby had for a better understanding thereof.

The present inventiou pertai ns,particularl y, to the arrangemcnt ot'the water apparatus, and its conbination with fire-boxes or coubustionchanbers, of a coustruetiou, arrangement, and operation, substantiallysuch as described; and its object is to obtaiu the most efficientresults in the heating of water and generation of steam therefron withthe least possible e'xpenditurc of fuel, and to secure an activecirculation ot` the water to iusure the most perfect combustion, andotherwise to render the apparatus serviceable and useful to the highestdegree for the purposes stated.

To this end the invention consists, in substance, in the disposition in,and so as to sur- 1 round, the walls of the upper portion, either one orboth, (preferably both,) of such conbustion-chambers or fire-boxes,preferably made of a done shape, and above the fuel or fire-chanberproper thercof, of a coil of pipe having its several coils separatedfrom each other, so that the products of conbustion from the burningfuel. below can freely circulate about theni, and each coil between orat its upper and lower ends connected to a comnon closed drum that islocated in another and sep` arate chamber or conpartnent havingcommunication, but by separate passages, each provided with a dauper foropening and closing it, with the upper portion of each ot' saidconbustion-chambers and by a common passage with the chinney or ilue,said drum being suitably adapted for the eutrance of water thereto andfor the escape of stean therefron, and all substantially as hereinafterdescribed.

In addition to the above,thisiuvention con sists of a closed drumarranged within a closed chanber or conpartnent of suitableconstruction, which has communication with a chinney or flue, and isadapted for water to be entered into and the steam to escape `froni it,and of a series of conbustion-chambers or fire-boxes, each preferablymade of a deme shape, arranged about and each at its upper portion, butby separate passages, each provided with a damper for opening andclosing it, in communication with said drum-containing compartnent, andalso adapted for cou nunicatiou with each other in pairs, and so thatthe products of coubustion of either one of the pairs of saidsoconnuuicati ng conbustion-chambers can pass into and through and'conmingle with the products of combustion of the other, and vice versa,iu eonbination with a vertical coil of pipc located in the upboth ofsaid conbustion-chambers of each pair and above the fuel or fire chanberproper thereof, and having its several coils separated 'from each other,so that the products of conbustion f rom the burning fuel below canfreely circulatc about them, and each of so-located coils between or atits upper and lower ends connected to the said closed drum, allsubstantially as hereiuafter described.

per and done-shaped portion of either one or In the aceompanyingdrawings, forming a part of this specification, a steam-generatingapparatus of the present improved Construction and combination of partsis illustrated.

Figure lisasection crossing through the eenter of the drum-containingcompartment and of a combustion-chamber or fircbox on opposite sidesthereof, and an elevation of said drum, and of a coil in each of saidfire-boxes, both connected to said drum, and in other of the parts ofthe apparatus in vertical section or elevation, as the case may be, andas the same fully appears on inspection. Fig. 2 is a section on ahorizontal plane of the drum-containing compartment and of its drum,andof four eombustion-ehambers or fire-boxes arranged in regular orderaround said drum-containing oompartment, and a plan view of the remainder of the apparatus, and in which is located two morecombustion-chambers or fire-boxes following and in regular order,withits similar chambers shown in horizontal section, as aforesaid, and inother of the parts of the apparatus in horizontal section or plan view,as the case nay be and as the same fully appears on inspection. Fig. 3is a vertical section on line 3 3, Fig. 2.

In the drawings, A A B 13 and C 0 represent a series of verticalcombustionchambers or fire-boxes arranged in regular order about acommon central and vertical compartment or chamber,D, which extendsabove them. Each combustion-chamber is of a cylindrical form anddome-shaped at its upper end or portion, E, and, again, each is providedwith a feed-door, F, for fuel, a pit, G, for ashes, having door H, and afire-grate, J, between the ash-pit G and 'feeddoor F, and otherwise eachis suitably built and constructed for the combustion of -such ascoal-and in any of the well-known ways of eonstruction-as, for instance,as to its walls K, doors F and H, fire-grate J, loor M to ash-pit, andthe same is true as to the walls of the compartment D, about which theaforesaid several fire-boxes or combustion-ehambers are arranged, andtherefore needing` no further description hei-ein, except as the same isnecessary for a perfect understanding ofthe features ofthis invention.

N is a vertical cylindrical and closed metal drum located in thecompartment D, and standing and supported upon a base, O, resting on thefloor P of said compartment. An open space is left around all partsofthe drum, and the drum at its lower end, by a suitablyattached pipe,l, has communication with a water-supply, and at ils upper end by asuitably-attached pipe, Q, with the apparatus, heating or otherwise, inwhich the steam generated from the apparatus of this invention, as willhereinafter appear, is to be used.

The water-level of the drum N, as it is shown, is at E, Fig. 1.

S is a Vertical coil of metal pipe located in the upper and domeportion, E, of each of the combustion-chambers or fire-boxes A A B 13and O C and of a shape vertieally and horizontally eorresponding to andsurrounding said dome portion E. The coils of each coil S are separatedfrom each other and i" rom the walls of the dome portion E of theeombustion-chambcr, in which each coil S is placed. Each coil S is abovethe fire or fuel part proper ot' its combustion-chamber, and which is atT; and, again, the upper and lower coil of each ol' the coils S isconnected by horizon tal extensions U and V, respectively, thcreof, withthe drum N in the compartment D, and both of such connections, as shown,are below the water-level R oi' said drum; but the u pper connection maybe on a level with or above the said water-level. Thecombustion-chambers at'oresaid have communication with each other inpairs, by means ol' an opening, XV, in the dividing-wall thereof, andthese several openings, of which there are three, in the arrangement ofsaid ehambers, as they are at present illustrated, are arranged in thesame horizontal plane, and in a plane below the lower end of the coil S,and at or about the 'fuel-level of each combustiorchanber. I

X is a passage leading from the upper end of such combustion-ehamber andentering into the upper end of the compartment D, containing the drum N.Each pipe X has a damper, Y, arranged in the ordinary or in any suitablemanner, to be operated from the outside to open and close the passage ofits pipe; but, as shown in the drawings, these dampers are adapted inpairs correspondin g to the combustion-chambers, as they are ad apted inpairs 'for communication with each other, as al'oresaid, to be operatedfrom one common operating-rod, Z, joining the two and provided with ahandle, D' suitably and Conveniently arranged, and so that in movingsaid red in one direction the damper connected to it, of one passage,will be opened, and the damper of the other passage closed, and inmoviug it in the other and'opposite direction the (lamper which wasbefore opened will be closed, and the other, which was before closed,will be opened.

E is a passage leading 'from the bottom of the compartment D, containingthe drum N. This passage is to be connected at F in any suitable manuerto a chimney or escape-fine. (Not shown.)

In an apparatus, such as has been above described, embracing three pairsof combustion and communicating ehambers or fire-boxes, A A B B and C Carranged about and having a communication, each capable of beingregulated by a damper, Y, with a common compartment, D, containing adrum, N, having water and steam eon'munication l and Q, and eachprovided with a coil, S, connected with said drum N, and eompartment D,connected with the chimney or fiue, it is plain that with combustiongoing on in all of said eombustion-chambers the products of each thereofon their way to the chimney or eseape-flue first IIO circulate withinand through their respective combustion-chambers about the eoilsthereof, and from one to the other of each pair through theircommunicatingopening XV, according as the dampers of saidso-eonmuuieating chambers are adjusted, and then pass from thecoubustiouchamber of each pair which is open to the compartmeut D,containing the drun N, into the upper portion of said compartment D, andthence downward about and around said drum N and out at the passage E inthe lower portion of said compartment to the chimney. Under thisoperation plainly the water within the separate coilsS and the drum N,common to and in communication with then all, necessaril y becomesheated, and, if the several fires are properly run, generated intosteam, and which has its escape at the steam-pipe Q, of the drum, to beutilized as intended, causing, as is plain, a cireulation of water fromthe water-supply connected at P through the drum 'N and eoils S, to takethe place of the water so nade into steam, and the whole producing,under a proper operation and manipulation of the apparatus described,and a utilization of the conmunicating pairs of combustiorchambers, inthe manner of which combustiouchambcrs so connected are capable of beingutilized, as is well known, a most active circulatiou of water throughand generation from the water of steam in the eoils S and drum N, and ina most effective and economical mauner as to the amount of fuelrequired, and other respects.

Results similar to those above stated, but varying, of course, indcgree,-will be seeured by either a reduction 'from orincreasein thenumber of pairs of combustiouehanbers con structed and arranged andprovided and combined, as has been described, for the three pairs A A BB C O of such chambers' Again, by giving the upper portion of eachcombuslion-chamber a deme shape, and arranging therein and adaptingthereto a coil of water-circulating pipe, as has been described, plainlythe efficiency of the apparatns is in creased, for the reason that theheat and products of combustion are the better coneentrated about andaround the separate coils of each coil S of pipe; but the dome may bedispeuscd with, and still secure good and effective results under thecombination and ar- 'rangementof combustion-chambers in pairscommunicating with each other, and with a comnon compartment having awater-drum connected with a coil, S, ot' water-pipe arranged in eitheror both of said chambers and otherwise, all as has been described. Moreor less eoils of pipe may be arranged in each combustiorchamber, all,however, connected with the common drum N either directly or througheach other.

In my patent of August 19, 1884, No. 303,(367, I have shown a grate andsteam-heating devices consisting of two eoils with an annularwater-heatingchamber between them,

all arranged in a co'bustion-chamber and communieating with a reservoirin a separate chamber, through which the products oi'com bustion arecarried, I claim in this application nothing shown and described in saidLetters Patent.

My present invention differs from the construction shown in myabove-named patent in conprising one or more pairs of intercommunicating`combustion-chambers communicating with a central compartment, whichincloses a drum, only one coil being arranged in eachcombustion-chamber, and said eoils being in communication at both endswith the drum in the central conpartment.

In my former patent an intermediate chamber islocated between thecombustion-chamber and drum-chamber, and this intermediate cham'ber Ihave dispensed with by my present invention. I have also providedseparate passages through which the intercomnmnicatingcombnstionehambers can communicate direct with the drumcompartment or beshut off therefrom by means of dampers connected in pairs so arrangedthat when one is opened the other will be closed. This arrangemeut ofdirectly intercommunicating combustionchambers, each of which alsocommunicates by a separate passage with the d rurconpart ment, saidpassages being provided with dampers Operating as described, and eachcombustion-ehamber containing a single coil communicating at both endswith the central drum, enables the apparatus to be more readilycontrolled and efi`ects the most advantageous results in attaining aperfect combustion and inereased production of heat.

Having thus described myinvention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, 1s-

1. Iu combination, a pair of combustionclanbers, such as A A,connnunieating with each other, and a coil or eoils, S, of waterpipe, aconpartment, D, having a drum, N, with water and steam connections, andconnected to said coil or coils, separate passages X, each having adamper, Y, and connecting said conbustion-clambers with said compartmentD, substant-ially as described, for the purpose specified.

2. In combination, a pair of combustionchambers, such as A Acommunicating with each other, and each of dome shape in its upperportion, a coil or coi1s,S, of waterpipe arranged in the deme of saidchambers, a compartmeut, D, having a drum, N, with water and steamconnections and connected to said coil or eoils, and separate passagesX, each having a damper, Y, and conuectiug said combustion-chambers withsaid compartment D, substantially as described, for the purposespecified. e

3. In combination, a series of pairs of com bustion-chambers, such as AA'-', the members ofeach pair communicating with eachother and providedwith a coil or eoils, S, of water-pipe,

IOO

IIO

a eonprbment, D, having :1 drum, N, With In testinony whereof I havehereunto set; my water and steam connections and connected hand in thepresence of two snbseribing wtto said eoil or eoils, and separatepassages X, nesses.

each having a damper, Y, and conneetng said CHARLES W. RUGG. 5eombustion-chunbers with said eompartmenb itnessesz D, substantially asdescribed, for the purpose ALBERT XV. BROWN,

specified. XVM. S. BELLOWS.

